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African American Historical Events Timeline |
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January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
January
Martin Luther King Day is celebrated on the third Monday.
1
New Year's Day
Emancipation Proclamationissued in 1863.
17 Cassius Clay(Muhammad Ali) born in 1942.
2 William Lloyd Garrison began publishing The Liberator, an abolitionist newspaper, in 1831.
18 Robert C. Weaver became first African American presidential cabinet member in 1966.
3 Adam Clayton Powell, Jr.was elected chairperson of the House Committee on Education and Labor in 1961.
19 Freed Blacks organized Savannah GA's first Baptist church, 1788.
4 Grace Bumbry, opera singer, was born, in 1937.
20 Barbara Jordan, congresswoman, was born in 1936.
5 George Washington Carverdied in 1943.
21 William Brown-Chappell, pioneer aviator, born, 1906.
6 The World Anti-Slavery Convention opened in London, 1831.
John Birks "Dizzy" Gillespie, famed musician, died, 1993.
22 Nat Turner, leader of the Virginia slave revolt was born in 1800.
7 Marian Andersonmade her debut in the Metropolitan Opera House in 1955.
23 Dr. Daniel Hale Williams, pioneer in surgery, founded Provident Hospital in Chicago, IL, in 1889.
8 Fannie M. Jackson, educator and first African American woman college graduate in the US, was born, 1836.
Butterfly McQueen, actress, born in 1911.
24 Coach Clarence "Bighouse" Gaineswon record 800th college basketball game in 1990.
9 Fisk University established in 1866.
25 Sojourner Truthaddressed the first Black Women's Rights Convention, 1851.
10 Southern Christian Leadership Conferencefounded in 1957.
26 Bessie Coleman, first African American woman aviator, born, 1893.
Angela Davis, activist, born, 1944.
11 Charles W. Andersonbecomes first African American member of the Kentucky Legislature, 1936.
27 Leontyne Price, world-renowned opera singer, made her debut at the Metropolitan Opera House, 1961.
12 The Congressional Black Caucusorganized in 1971.
28 Ronald McNair, astronaut, died in Challenger explosion in 1986.
13 Don Barksdalebecame first African American to play in an NBA All-Star Game in 1953.
29 Oprah Winfrey, entertainer, born in 1954.
14 John Oliver Killens, novelist, was born, 1916.
30 William Wells Brown, novelist and dramatist, published first Black drama, Leap to Freedom, 1858.
15 Martin Luther King, Jr.was born in 1929.
31 Jackie Robinson, first African American baseball playerin the major leagues was born in 1919.
16 Jefferson Franklin Long took oath of office as first African American Congressman from Georgia, 1871.
February
President's Day is celebrated on the third Monday of the month.
1 Langston Hugheswas born in 1902.
16
Joe Frazierbecame World Heavyweight Boxing Champion by a knockout in 1970.
2 Ernest E. Just, biologist, received the Spingarn Medalfor pioneering research on fertilization and cell division, 1914.
17 Michael Jordan, basketball player, born in 1963.
3 Geraldine McCulloughwon the Widener Gold Medal for Sculpture in 1965.
18 Toni Morrison(born Chloe Anthony Wofford) was born in 1931.
4 Rosa Parkswas born in 1913.
19 William "Smoky" Robinsonborn in 1940.
5 Henry "Hank" Aaron, the home run king of major league baseballwas born in 1934.
20 Frederick Douglassdied in 1895.
6 Jonathan Jasper Wright elected to South Carolina Supreme Court in 1870.
21 Malcolm Xwas assassinated in 1965.
7 Eubie Blake, pianist, was born in 1883.
22 George Washington born in 1732. Julius Winfield "Dr. J" Ervingborn in 1950.
8 Oprah Winfreybecame the first African American woman to host a nationally syndicated talk show in 1986.
23 W.E.B. DuBoisborn in 1868.
9 In 1995 Bernard Harrisbecame the first African American astronaut to take a spacewalk.
24 In 1864 Rebecca Lee became the first African American woman to receive an M.D. degree.
10 Roberta Flack, singer, was born in 1940.
25 Cassius Clay (Muhammad Ali) won World Heavyweight crown in 1964.
11 Clifford Alexander Jr., became the first African American Secretary of the Army in 1977.
26 Singer "Fats" Dominoborn in 1928.
12 Abraham Lincolnwas born in 1809.
Congress enacted the first fugitive slave law in 1793.
27 Marian Anderson, opera singer, was born in 1902.
13 Joseph L. Searles became the first African American member of the New York Stock Exchange, 1970.
28 Richard Wright's Native Son published in 1940.
14 Valentine's Day
Frederick Douglasswas born in 1817.
29 Hattie McDanielbecame the first black (male or female) to win an Oscar (for Best Supporting Actress) for her role as Mammy in "Gone With The Wind."
15 Henry Lewis was named director of the New Jersey Symphony in 1968.
Nat King Coledied in 1965.
March
St. Patrick's Day is celebrated
1 Writer Ralph Ellisonwas born in 1914.
16 Freedom's Journal founded in 1827.
2 Dr. Jerome H. Holland elected to the board of directors of the New York Stock Exchange in 1972.
17 St. Patrick's Day
Jackie Robinsonmade his professional debut as a member of the Montreal Royals in 1946.
3 Carole Gistwas crowned first black Miss USA in 1990.
18 Charlie Pride, country singer, born in 1938.
4 Garrett A. Morgan, scientist and inventor, was born in 1877.
19 Nat King Colewas born in 1919.
5 Blanche Kelso Bruceof Mississippi elected to full term in U.S. Senate in 1975.
20 Uncle Tom's Cabinby Harriet Beecher Stowe was published in 1852.
6 Dred Scottdecision handed down by Supreme Court in 1857.
21 Selma marchbegan in 1965.
7 First cadets graduated from flying school at Tuskegeein 1942.
22 Marcus Garvey, Black nationalist, arrived in America from Jamaica, 1916.
8 Senate refuses to seat P.B.S. Pinchbackof Louisiana in 1876.
23 NBA star, Moses "The Mailman" Malone was born in 1954.
9 Clifton Wharton is sworn in as ambassador to Norway in 1961.
24 AME Zion Church organized in S.C. in 1867.
10 Harriet Tubmandied in 1913.
25 Poll Tax ruled unconstitutional in 1966.
11 Lorraine Hansberryplay, Raisin in the Sun, opened on Broadway in 1959.
26 William H. Hastieconfirmed as Federal District Judge of the Virgin Islands in 1937.
12 Andrew Youngborn in 1932.
27 Arthur Mitchell, dancer and choreographer, born, 1934.
13 Fannie Lou Hamer, activist, dies, 1977.
28 Slaveryabolished in New York in 1799.
14 Quincy Jones, composer and musician, born, 1933.
29 Pearl Baileywas born in 1918.
15 Los Angeles Sentinel founded by Leon H. Washington in 1933.
30 15th Amendmentwas enacted in 1870.
April
Passover is celebrated. Easter is celebrated.
1 Hampton Institute opened in 1868.
16 Founding of Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee in 1960.
2 John Thompsonbecame the first African American coach to win NCAA basketball tournament, 1984.
17 Rev. Ralph David Abernathydied in 1990.
3 Carter G Woodson, the father of African- American history, died in 1950.
18 Alex Haleywon the Pulitzer Prize for Roots, 1977.
4 Maya Angelou, author, born in 1928.
19 Cheyney State College, one of the oldest Black colleges in the US, founded in 1837.
5 Colin Powellwas born in 1937.
20
Harriet Tubmanstarted working on the Underground Railroad, 1853.
6 Robert E. Perry and Matthew Hensonreached the North Pole in 1909.
21 Pvt. Milton L. Olive, III, was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honorposthumously, 1966.
7 Billie Holliday, blues singer, was born in 1917.
22 Charles Mingus, bassist, composer, pianist and bandleader, was born in 1922.
8 Hank Aaronhit his 715th home run in 1974.
23 Granville T. Woods, inventor of over 40 products, was born in 1856.
9 Civil Rights Billgranting citizenship passed in 1866.
24 The United Negro College Fund was established in 1944.
10 Richard Allenwas made Bishop of the AME Church in 1916.
25 Ella Fitzgerald, singer, was born in 1917.
11 Spelman College was founded in 1881.
26 William "Count" Basie, jazz pianist and musician, died, 1984.
12 Free African Society organized in 1787.
27 Coretta Scott King, activist (and wife of Martin Luther King) was born, 1927.
13 Thomas Jefferson'sbirthday.
28 Samuel L. Gravelybecame first African- American admiral in the US Navy, 1962.
14 The first abolition society in the U.S. was founded in Pennsylvania, 1775.
29 "Duke" Ellington, musician and composer, born, 1899.
15 Jackie Robinsonmade Major League debut in 1947.
30 Wallace Saunders wrote the song "Casey Jones" in 1900.
May
Memorial Day is celebrated on the last Monday of the month.
1 Howard University in Washington, D.C., opened in 1867.
16 Sammy Davis, Jr., died in 1990.
2 Elijah McCoy, inventor and holder of over fifty patents was born in 1844.
17 Brown vs. Board of Educationmade "Separate But Equal" in public schools unconstitutional in 1954.
3 Sugar Ray Robinson, middleweight boxing champion was born in 1920.
18 Reggie Jackson, baseball player, was born in 1946.
4 Freedom Ridesbegan in 1961.
Plessy vs. Fergusonupheld "Separate But Equal" doctrine in 1896.
19 Malcolm Xwas born in 1925.
5 Gwendolyn Brooksbecame the first Black person awarded a Pulitzer Prize, for Annie Allen, in 1950.
20 Robert N. C. Nix was elected to United States Congress in 1958
6 Civil Rights Actsigned by President Eisenhower in 1960.
21 Lowell W. Perry was confirmed as chairman of the Equal Opportunity Commission (EEOC) in 1975.
7 J.R. Winters patented the fire escape, 1878.
22 Claude McKay, poet, died in 1948.
8 Rev. Henry McNeal Turner died in 1915.
23 Bob Marley30, reggae legend, dies in 1981.
9 Slaves in Georgia, Florida and South Carolina were freed, 1862.
24 Hal McRae was named manager of the Kansas City Royals in 1991.
Patti LaBelle was born in 1944.
10 P.B.S. Pinchback, first Black state governor, born, 1837.
25 Madame C. J. Walker, entrepreneur, died in 1919. Miles Davis, jazz musician, born in 1926.
11 Dancer Martha Graham was born in 1854.
26 Althea Gibsonwon the French Open, becoming the first Black tennis player to win a major tennis title, 1956.
12 Robert Smalls seized Confederate warship in 1862.
27 Louis Gossett, Jr., actor, born in 1936.
13 Joe Louiswas born in 1914.
28 Eliza Ann Gardner, underground railroad conductor, born, 1831.
14 In 1804 a slave known only as York accompanied Lewis and Clark on their expedition.
29 Thomas Bradleywas elected mayor of Los Angeles in 1973.
15 Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, founded at Indiana University, was incorporated in 1911.
30 Countee Cullen, poet, was born in 1903.
30 NAACP held first conference (as the National Negro Committee), in 1909.
June
1 Sojourner Truthbegan anti-slavery activist career in 1843.
16 Denmark Veseyled slave rebellion in South Carolina, 1822.
2 T. Thomas Fortune, journalist, died in 1928.
17 Thomas Ezekiel Miller, congressman, was born in 1849.
3 Wesley A. Brown became the first Black graduate of Annapolis Naval Academy in 1949.
18 Nannie Burroughs founded National Training School for Women, 1909.
4 Arna Bontemps, writer and educator, died in 1973.
19 Tennessee University opens as Tennessee A&L State College in 1912.
5 In 1955, Martin Luther King Jr. was awarded his doctorate from Boston University.
20 Dr. Lloyd A. Hall, pioneer in food chemistry, was born in Illinois, 1894.
6 Congress of Racial Equalityfounded in 1942.
21 Arthur Ashe, tennis champion, led UCLA to NCAA tennis championship, 1965.
7 Pulitzer Prize winning poet Gwendolyn Brookswas born in 1917.
22 Joe Louisbecame youngest world heavyweight boxing champion in 1937.
8 Supreme Court banned segregation in Washington, D.C. restaurants in 1953.
23 Track star Wilma Rudolphwas born in 1909.
9 Meta-Vaux Warick Fuller, sculptor, was born in 1877.
24 John R. Lynch became first African American to preside over deliberations of a national political party in 1884.
10 Hattie McDaniel, first Black person to win an Oscar (for Best Supporting Actress in "Gone With The Wind," 1940), was born in 1898.
25 Joe Louis defeated Primo Carnera at Yankee Stadium in 1935.
11 Hazel Dorothy Scott, classical pianist and singer, was born in 1920.
26 James Weldon Johnsondied in 1938.
12 Medger Evers, civil rights activist, was assassinated, 1963.
27 Paul Laurence Dunbar, poet and novelist, was born, 1872.
13 Thurgood Marshallappointed to U.S. Supreme Court in 1967.
28 Organization for Afro-American Unity founded in 1964.
14 Flag Day
Harold D. West was named president of Meharry Medical College, 1952.
29 James Van Der Zee, photographer, was born in Lenox, MA, in 1886.
15 Errol Garner, singer and musician, was born in 1923.
30 Lena Horne, actress, vocalist and activist, born, 1917.
July
Independence Day celebrations
1 Carl Lewis, athlete, born in 1961.
16 V. A. Johnson, first Black female to argue before the US Supreme Court, born, 1882.
2 Civil Rights Act of 1964signed.
Thurgood Marshallborn in 1908.
17 Billie Holliday, singer, died in 1959.
3 First African American baseball player in the major leagues, Jackie Robinson, was named to Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962.
18 Lemuel Hayes, first Black Congregationalist minister, born in 1753.
4 Independence Day
Tuskegee Institute established in 1881. Slaveryabolished in New York in 1827.
19 Patricia R. Harrisnamed secretary of health, education and welfare in 1979.
5 Arthur Ashe, won the men's Wimbledon singles championship in 1975.
20 First U.S. Victory in Koreawas won by African American troops in the 24th Infantry Regiment, in 1950.
6 Althea Gibsonwon Wimbledon in 1957.
21 14th Amendmentratified in 1868.
National Association of Colored Women was founded in 1896.
7 Margaret Walker, writer, was born in 1915.
22 Abraham Lincoln read the first draft of Emancipation Proclamation to the cabinet, in 1861.
8 Venus Williams wins Wimbledon in 2000.
23 Louis Tompkins Wright, physician, was born in 1924.
9 Francis L. Cardozo installed as South Carolina's Secretary of State in 1868.
24 Mary Church Terrell, educator, died in 1954.
10 Mary McLeod Bethune, educator, was born in 1875.
25 Garrett T. Morgan, inventor of the gas mask, rescues six from gas-filled tunnel in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1916.
11 Civil rights activist W.E.B. Duboisfounded the Niagara Movement in 1905.
26 Patrick Francis Healy, first African American awarded a Ph.D. in 1865.
President Truman banned discrimination in the armed services in 1948.
12 Bill Cosby, entertainer, was born in 1937.
27 Inventor A.P. Abourne was awarded patent for refining coconut oil in 1880.
13 Continental Congressexcluded slavery from Northwest Territory in 1787.
28 The 14th Amendmentwas adopted in 1868.
14 George Washington CarverNational Monument dedicated in Joplin MO, in 1951.
29 The first National Convention of Black Women was held in Boston MA, in 1895.
15 Pompey Lamb, noted spy, aids the American Revolutionary Wareffort, 1779.
30 Adam Clayton Powell, Jr., activist and politician, was elected congressman from Harlem in 1945.
31 Whitney Young, an Executive Director of the National Urban League, was born in 1921.
August
1 Whitney Youngnamed executive director of National Urban Leaguein 1961.
Benjamin E. Maysborn in 1895.
16 Louis Lomax, author, was born in 1922.
2 James Baldwin, writer, was born in 1924.
17 Marcus Garveyborn in 1887.
3 The Congress of African Peoples convention was held in Atlanta in 1970.
18 The first African American admitted to the University of Mississippi, James Meredith, graduated in 1963.
4 "Long" John Woodruff won an Olympic gold medal in the 800-meter run in 1936.
19 Benjamin Bannekerpublished his first Almanac in 1791.
5 Edwin Moses and Evelyn Ashford won gold medals in Olympic track & field in 1984.
20 Richard Allenchaired the first National Negro Convention in Philadelphia in 1830.
6 Voting Rights Actsigned by President Johnson in 1965.
21 William "Count" Basie, jazz pianist and musician, was born in 1904.
7 Ralph J. Bunche, diplomat and first African American winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, was born in 1904.
22 John Lee Hooker, blues singer and guitarist, was born, 1917.
8 Matthew A. Henson, explorer and first to reach the North Pole, was born in 1865.
23 National Negro Business League founded in 1900.
9 Jesse Owenswon four Olympic gold medals in 1936.
24 Edith Sampsonwas appointed first African American delegate to the United Nations by Harry S. Truman, in 1950.
10 Clarence C. White, composer and violinist, died, 1880.
25 Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters organized in 1925.
11 Thaddeus Stevens, abolitionist, died in 1868.
26 William Dawson elected Black Democratic Party vice-presidential candidate, 1943.
12 Frederick Douglass' home in Washington D.C. was declared a national shrine, 1922.
27 W.E.B. DuBoisdied in 1963.
13 Baltimore Afro-American Newspaper was founded in 1892.
28 March on Washingtonin 1963.
14 Ernest Everett Just, scientist, born in 1883.
29 Charlie "Bird" Parker, jazz musician, was born in Kansas City in 1920.
15 Liberiaestablished by freed American slaves, 1824.
30 Lt. Col. Guion S. Bluford, Jr, became the first African American astronautin space in 1983.
31 Eldridge Cleaver was born in 1935
September
Labor Day is celebrated on the first Monday. Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur are celebrated.
1 General Daniel "Chappie" James, Jr.named Commander-in-Chief of North American Air Defense Command in 1975.
16 Claude A. Barnett, founder of the Associated Negro Press, was born in 1889.
2 Frank Robinson, professional baseball player, named MVP of the American League, 1966.
17 United States Constitutionsigned in 1787.
3 Charles Houston, NAACP leader, was born in 1895.
18 Booker T. Washingtondelivered "Atlanta Compromise" address in 1895.
4 Louis Latimer, inventor and engineer, was born in 1848.
19 Atlanta University was founded in 1865.
5 George Washington Murray was elected to Congress from South Carolina in 1895.
20 First episode of "The Cosby Show" aired in 1984.
6 The National Black Convention met in Cleveland in 1848.
21 F.W. Leslie, inventor, patented the envelope seal in 1891.
7 Integration began in Washington, D.C., and Baltimore, M.D., public schools in 1954.
22 Ralph Bunchawarded Nobel Peace Prize in 1950.
8 Althea Gibsonbecame the first African American athlete to win a U.S. national tennis championship in 1957.
23 John Coltrane, innovative and famed jazz musician, was born in 1926.
9 Carter G. Woodsonfounded the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History in 1915.
24 Nine African American studentsintegrated Little Rock high school in 1957.
10 Mordecai Johnson, first Black president of Howard University, died in 1976.
25 Barbara W. Hancock became the first African American woman named a White House fellow, 1974.
11 "Duke" Ellingtonwon Spingarn Medal for his musical achievements in 1959.
26 Bessie Smith, blues singer, died in 1937.
12 Jackie Robinson, first Black baseball player in the major leagues, was named National League Rookie of the Year, 1947.
27 Memphis Blues published in 1912.
13 Alain L. Locke, philosopher and first Black Rhodes Scholar, was born in 1886.
28 Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World published in 1929.
14 U.S. Cabinet member, Constance Baker Motleywas born in 1921.
29 Hugh Mulzac, first African American captain of a U.S. merchant ship, launched with the Booker T. Washington in 1942.
15 Dr. Mae Jemisonfirst African American female astronaut in space in 1992.
30 Johnny Mathis, singer, was born in 1935.
October
Columbus Day is celebrated on the second Monday.
1
Colin Powellwas appointed first African American chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 1989.
16 John Brownled attack on Harper's Ferry in 1859.
2 Thurgood Marshallwas sworn in, becoming the first African American Supreme Court Justice, in 1967.
17 Capital Savings Bank opened in Washington, D.C., in 1888.
3 Nat King Colewas the first black performer to host his own TV show in 1956.
18 Terry McMillan was born in 1951.
4 National Black convention met in Syracuse, New York, in 1864.
19 The U.S. Navy was opened to African American women in 1944.
5 Congresswoman Yvonne Burke was born in 1932.
20 John Merrick organized North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company, 1898.
6 Fisk Jubilee Singers began national tour in 1871.
21 "Dizzy" Gillespiewas born in Cheraw, SC, in 1917.
7 Toni Morrison became first African American to win Nobel Prize in literature.
22 Clarence S. Green became the first African American certified in neurological surgery.
8 Jesse Jacksonborn in 1941.
23 The NAACP petitioned the United Nations about racial injustice in 1947.
9 O.B. Clare patented the rail trestle in 1888.
24 Jackie Robinsondied in 1972.
10 Singer Ben Vereen was born in 1946.
25 Benjamin O. Davisbecomes the first African American general in U.S. Army in 1940.
11 A. Miles patented the elevator in 1887.
26 Inventor T. Marshall patented the fire extinguisher in 1872.
12 Richard ("Dick") Gregorywas born in 1932.
27 D. B. Downing, inventor, patented his street letter box in 1891.
13 Arna W. Bontemps, noted poet, was born in 1902.
28 Founder of The Underground Railroad, Levi Coffin, was born in 1798.
14 Martin Luther King, Jr.awarded Nobel Peach Prize in 1964.
29 The Supreme Court ordered end to segregation in schools "at once" in 1969.
15 Clarence Thomasconfirmed to the U.S. Supreme Court in 1992.
30 Richard Arrington was elected the first Black mayor of Birmingham, Alabama, in 1979.
31 Halloween
Ethel Waters, actor and singer, was born in 1900.
November
Thanksgiving Day is celebrated on the fourth Thursday in November.
1
First issue of Ebony published in 1945.
First issue of Crisis published in 1910.
16 "Father of the Blues," W.C. Handy, was born in Florence, AL, in 1873.
2 President Ronald Reagan signed law designating the third Monday in January Martin Luther King, Jr., Dayin 1983.
17 Omega Psi Phi, fraternity, was founded on the campus of Howard University 4, 1911.
3 South Carolina State College was established in 1896.
18 Abolitionist and orator, Sojourner Truthwas born in 1787.
4 T. Elkins patented the refrigerating apparatus in 1879.
19 Roy Campanellawas named most valuable player of the National Baseball League for the second time, 1953.
5 Walter E. Washington elected Mayor of Washington, D.C., in 1974.
20 Garrett T Morganpatented the traffic signal in 1923.
6 Absalom Jones, minister, born in 1746.
21 Shaw University was founded in 1865.
7 David Dinkins elected first black Mayor of New York City in 1989.
22 Alrutheus A. Taylor, teacher and historian, was born in 1893.
8 Edward W. Brookewas elected first Black U.S. senator (R-Mass) in 85 years, in 1966.
23 J.L. Love put patents on the pencil sharpener in 1897.
9 Benjamin Banneker, surveyor, born in 1731.
24 Scott Joplin, composer, born in 1868.
10 Andrew Hatcher was named associate press secretary to President JFK, becoming the first Black press secretary, in 1960.
25 Luther "Bill" Robinson, dancer, died in 1949.
11 Veterans Day
Nat Turner, leader of a Virginia slave revolt, was hanged in 1831.
26 Sojourner Truth, evangelist, died in 1883.
12 In 1775 General George Washington issued an order, later rescinded, which forbade recruiting officers to enlist Blacks.
27 Richard Wright, author, died in 1960.
13 Dwight Gooden won the Cy Young Award in 1985.
28 Ernie Davisbecame the first African-American to win the Heisman Trophy in 1961.
14 Booker T. Washington died in 1915.
29 Congressman Adam Clayton Powell, Jr., was born in 1908.
15 In 1979, the Nobel Prize in economics was awarded to Professor Arthur Lewis of Princeton.
30 Congresswoman Shirley Chisholmwas born in 1924.
December
Christmas, Kwanzaa and Hanukkah are celebrated.
1
Rosa Parksrefused to give up her seat on a public bus in 1955.
16 Andrew Youngof Georgia named ambassador and chief delegate to the United Nations in 1976.
2 Historian Charles Wesley was born in 1891.
17 Noble Sissle, lyricist and bandleader, died in 1975.
3 First issue of North Star newspaper published in 1847.
18 13th Amendmentratified in 1865.
4 American Anti-Slavery Society organized in 1833.
19 Carter G. Woodson, historian, born in 1875.
5 Mary McLeod Bethune, educator, founded National Council of Negro Women, 1935.
20 South Carolina seceded from the Union in 1860.
6 In 1971 Lewis Franklin Powell was confirmed as Supreme Court justice.
21 Motown Recordsestablished in 1959 by Berry Gordy, Jr.
7 Lester Granger was named executive director of the National Urban League in 1941.
22 Historian and author of Destruction of Black Civilization Dr. Chancellor Williams was born in 1898.
8 Entertainer Sammy Davis, Jr., was born, in 1925.
23 Alice H. Parker patented the gas heating furnace in 1919.
9 Entertainer Red Foxx was born in 1925.
24 Irwin C. Mollison, first African American judge of the Customs Court was born in 1898.
10 Ralph J. Bunchebecomes the first Black person awarded a Nobel Peace Prize, 1950.
25 Christmas Day
In 1971 Rev. Jesse Jacksonorganized Operation PUSH (People United to Save Humanity).
11 P.B.S Pinchbackbecame the first African American governor of an American state, Louisiana, in 1872.
26 Kwanzaa Begins
In 1924, DeFord Bailey, Sr., became the first African American to perform on the Grand Ole Opry.
12 Joseph H. Rainey(S.C.) first African American elected to Congress in 1870.
27 Pioneer of blood plasma research, Dr. Charles Richard Drew, established a pioneer blood bank in New York City, 1941.
13 First Black women complete officer training for the WAVEs, 1944.
28 Earl "Fatha" Hines, famed jazz musician and father of modern jazz piano, was born in 1905.
14 Congressman John Langston was born in 1829.
29 Thomas Bradley was born in 1917.
15 Maggie Lena Walker, banker, died in 1934.
30 Blues composer and singer Bo Diddleywas born in 1928.
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